We included a total of 34 studies involving 14,931 participants, mainly undergoing surgery or admitted with trauma. The outcomes of interest were PE, DVT, bleeding and major bleeding. We assessed the certainty of the evidence using GRADE. We used a random‐effects model when there was heterogeneity. We performed fixed‐effect model meta‐analyses with odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). We independently selected studies, applied Cochrane's risk of bias tool, and extracted data. We included randomised controlled trials (RCTs) or controlled clinical trials (CCTs) of combined IPC and pharmacological interventions used to prevent VTE compared to either intervention individually. We searched the reference lists of relevant articles for additional studies. The Cochrane Vascular Information Specialist searched the Cochrane Vascular Specialised Register, CENTRAL, MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, and AMED databases, and World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Registry Platform and trials registers to 18 January 2021. The aim of this review was to assess the efficacy of combined intermittent pneumatic leg compression (IPC) and pharmacological prophylaxis compared to single modalities in preventing VTE.
#Leg compression update
This is the second update of the review first published in 2008. It is generally assumed by practitioners and guideline authors that combined modalities (methods of treatment) are more effective than single modalities in preventing venous thromboembolism (VTE), defined as deep vein thrombosis (DVT) or pulmonary embolism (PE), or both.
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